Closed-Loop vs. Open-Loop Communication

October 12, 2025

In energy storage systems, communication between batteries and inverters is typically categorized into two types: open-loop communication and closed-loop communication. These differ significantly in terms of the depth of information exchange, system responsiveness, and security. Understanding these differences helps you choose the appropriate communication mode for your application.

I. Open-Loop Communication

Open-loop communication means that the battery does not communicate directly with the inverter. The inverter only controls the charging and discharging process through fixed parameters set by the user (such as charging and discharging voltage, current, and battery type). 

 

In this mode:

The inverter only operates based on the preset values

Battery status (such as SOC, temperature, voltage, etc.) cannot be dynamically fed back to the inverter.

The control strategy is relatively "rough" and is suitable for scenarios such as general lead-acid batteries and early lithium iron phosphate batteries.

Installation and debugging are relatively simple, but the battery protection is weak

Advantages

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Disadvantages

High compatibility—works without a specific protocol
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Cannot monitor battery status in real time

Simple setup, ideal for basic user scenarios
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Higher risk of over-charge and over-discharge
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No support for fine-grained management
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II. Closed-Loop Communication

Closed-loop communication means that the battery exchanges information with the inverter in real time through a communication protocol (such as RS485, CAN, etc.), so that the inverter can dynamically adjust its operating strategy according to the current status of the battery. 

 

In closed-loop mode:

The battery will upload SOC, voltage, current, temperature, alarm and other information in real time

The inverter automatically adjusts the charging and discharging voltage and current according to the feedback information

The entire system forms a closed-loop control with fast dynamic response and higher system security

Requires the battery and inverter to use identical or compatible communication protocols and command sets.

Advantages

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Disadvantages

Safer: prevents over-charge, over-discharge, overheating, and other anomalies
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Requires strict protocol compatibility

More efficient: enables precise control of battery charge/discharge
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The configuration is more complicated and requires correct setting of parameters such as address, baud rate, ID, etc.

Support automatic identification and intelligent operation and maintenance
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Typically supports only pre-approved (white-listed) inverter brands/models(Please refer to the instruction manual or contact customer support for assistance.)
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Main Article

Decoding the Multi-Dimensional Communication Capabilities of the ECO-WORTHY 48V100Ah Server Rack Battery

May 27,2025

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Core Topic

The core theme of this article series is “Intelligent Battery Communication,” focusing on the communication functions and technologies of the 48V 100AH server rack battery and its related devices. It covers master-slave communication, upper computer communication, mobile APP communication, and inverter communication, aiming to help users understand and apply these technologies.

III. Comparison and Summary

Ⅳ. Recommended Application Scenarios

Choose open-loop communication when using a generic inverter, working within a tight budget, or when system requirements are modest.

Opt for closed-loop communication when the system demands high safety, high efficiency, and deep integration—especially when paired with ECO-WORTHY-recommended inverter brands.

To check whether a specific inverter brand supports closed-loop compatibility, please refer to our articles “Which Brands Support Closed-Loop Communication?” and “How to Configure a Battery for Closed-Loop Communication with an Inverter”

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